The purpose of this report is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the RSH, covering its historical evolution, the technological infrastructure that supports it, and the implementation and oversight mechanisms that guide its operation. It also examines its role in emergency situations, with an emphasis on the COVID-19 pandemic and natural disaster risk management, and identifies the main challenges and prospects for the future, particularly in relation to self-reported information, system interoperability, and constant data updating. Finally, it highlights the importance of the digitization of information systems as a determining factor in the modernization and effectiveness of social policies.