Peru currently hosts the second largest Venezuelan community in Latin America, with over a million registered migrants and refugees as of August 2020. This report discusses the challenges local governments in Peru faced, when addressing the Venezuelan immigration and their integration in four Peruvian cities, Cusco, Lima, Trujillo and Tumbes, during the period from August 2019 until February 2020.

In recent years, significant progress has been made toward implementing policies and programs to support gender equity in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, large disparities continue to exist between men and women in educational and health outcomes. In the region, girls perform better than boys in soft skills and language at an early age and the school attendance gaps favor women at all levels.

When closing diversity gaps, one of the major challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean is the limited amount of data reflecting this topic. The few statistics that are available on vulnerable groups such as indigenous peoples and African descendants, LGBTQ persons, and people with disabilities reflect economic and social gaps in several areas. Policies designed to promote the inclusion of these groups requires identifying them and knowing what socioeconomic gaps they are facing and the causes of these inequalities.

The indigenous peoples and African descendants in Latin America and the Caribbean are far behind the rest of the population in terms of access to education, health services, and financial services, something that is reflected in poor labor outcomes and high poverty rates. Indigenous peoples and African descendants achieve lower levels of education in their lifetime. In recent decades, the region has narrowed the years-of-education gap between the indigenous peoples and the non-indigenous population, but the differences are still large.

The labor force participation of women in Latin America and the Caribbean is low, and the regions gender gap is one of the widest in the world. Although important progress has been made over the last 50 years (with womens participation rate going from around 20% in the 1960s to more than 60% toward the beginning of the 2010s), the pace of growth slowed down in the early 2000s. Once they enter the labor market, women tend to be employed in lower-paying and lower-quality jobs compared to men. This is due to occupational and educational segregation.

Violence against women is widespread in Latin America and the Caribbean. On average, every day, 10 women are murdered in the region, and of the 25 countries with the highest rates of femicide in the world, 13 are in this region. Violence against women invades womens everyday lives and takes place in both public and private spheres and within all socioeconomic groups.